Dot quy la mot trong nhung cap cuu than kinh nguy hiem, co the xay ra dot ngot o bat ky do tuoi nao. Nguoi bi dot quy neu khong duoc cap cuu kip thoi co nguy co tu vong, liet nua nguoi, roi loan ngon ngu, suy giam tri nho hoac mat kha nang tu cham soc. Tai Dak Lak, viec nhan biet nguyen nhan bi dot quy va chu dong kiem soat cac yeu to nguy co co y nghia quan trong trong bao ve suc khoe ca nhan va gia dinh.

Xem them: thienhanhhospital.com/

Dot quy la gi?

Dot quy xay ra khi qua trinh cung cap mau va oxy len nao bi gian doan hoac khi mach mau nao bi vo. Nao rat nhay cam voi tinh trang thieu oxy, vi vay chi trong thoi gian ngan, cac te bao than kinh co the bi ton thuong hoac chet.

Dot quy thuong duoc chia thanh hai dang chinh:

Dot quy thieu mau nao: Xay ra khi mach mau nao bi tac nghen boi cuc mau dong, mang xo vua hoac vat gay tac.

Dot quy xuat huyet nao: Xay ra khi mach mau trong nao bi vo, khien mau tran vao mo nao hoac cac khoang xung quanh nao.

Ngoai ra, mot so nguoi co the gap con thieu mau nao thoang qua, con goi la TIA. Cac trieu chung co the tu het sau vai phut hoac vai gio, nhung day la dau hieu canh bao nguy co dot quy thuc su trong tuong lai.

Tim hieu them: Benh Vien Thien Hanh BMT

Nhung nguyen nhan va yeu to nguy co gay dot quy

1. Tang huyet ap

Tang huyet ap la mot trong nhung nguyen nhan va yeu to nguy co quan trong nhat cua dot quy. Khi huyet ap tang keo dai, thanh mach mau phai chiu ap luc lon, dan tro nen xo cung, yeu hoac de ton thuong.

Tang huyet ap co the dan den:

Hinh thanh mang xo vua trong long mach.

Lam hep hoac tac dong mach nao.

Lam vo cac mach mau nho trong nao.

Tang nguy co xuat huyet nao.

Gay ton thuong mach mau o tim, than va cac co quan khac.

Dang luu y, nhieu nguoi bi tang huyet ap nhung khong co trieu chung ro rang. Vi vay, do huyet ap dinh ky la cach don gian de phat hien va kiem soat benh som.

Tham khao them: Benh Vien Thien Hanh Daklak

2. Xo vua dong mach

Xo vua dong mach xay ra khi cholesterol, chat beo va cac thanh phan khac tich tu trong thanh mach, tao thanh mang xo vua. Theo thoi gian, mang xo vua co the khien long mach hep lai hoac nut vo, tao dieu kien hinh thanh cuc mau dong.

Cuc mau dong co the di chuyen len nao va gay tac nghen mach mau, dan den dot quy thieu mau nao.

Cac yeu to thuc day xo vua dong mach gom:

Cholesterol mau cao.

Hut thuoc la.

Tang huyet ap.

Dai thao duong.

Thua can, beo phi.

Che do an nhieu chat beo bao hoa, do chien ran.

It van dong.

Tuoi cao hoac co tien su gia dinh mac benh tim mach.

3. Roi loan mo mau

Roi loan mo mau, dac biet la tang cholesterol LDL, co the thuc day qua trinh hinh thanh mang xo vua trong dong mach. Khi mach mau bi hep, dong mau len nao giam hoac bi tac hoan toan.

Mot so truong hop khong co bieu hien ro rang cho den khi xuat hien bien co tim mach hoac dot quy. Nguoi co nguy co cao nen kiem tra mo mau theo huong dan cua bac si va dieu chinh che do an, can nang, van dong phu hop.

4. Benh tim va roi loan nhip tim

Mot so benh ly tim mach co the lam tang nguy co hinh thanh cuc mau dong. Cuc mau dong tu tim co the theo dong mau di len nao va gay tac mach.

Cac benh tim lien quan den dot quy gom:

Rung nhi.

Suy tim.

Benh van tim.

Nhoi mau co tim.

Benh co tim.

Mot so di tat tim bam sinh.

Tien su hinh thanh huyet khoi trong tim.

Rung nhi dac biet dang luu y vi co the khien mau u dong trong buong tim, tao thanh cuc mau dong. Nguoi bi hoi hop, tim dap khong deu, kho tho hoac co benh tim nen duoc kham tim mach de danh gia nguy co.

5. Dai thao duong

Duong huyet tang keo dai co the gay ton thuong lop lot ben trong mach mau, thuc day xo vua va lam tang nguy co hinh thanh huyet khoi. Dai thao duong cung thuong di kem tang huyet ap, roi loan mo mau va beo phi, khien nguy co dot quy tang cao hon.

Nguoi mac dai thao duong can:

Theo doi duong huyet.

Dung thuoc theo chi dinh.

Kiem soat huyet ap va cholesterol.

Duy tri can nang hop ly.

Kham dinh ky de phat hien bien chung mach mau.

6. Hut thuoc la va tiep xuc khoi thuoc

Nicotine va nhieu chat doc trong khoi thuoc co the lam co mach, ton thuong thanh mach, tang huyet ap va thuc day hinh thanh cuc mau dong. Hut thuoc con lam giam luong oxy trong mau, khien he tim mach va nao chiu nhieu ap luc hon.

Khong chi nguoi hut thuoc chu dong, nguoi thuong xuyen hit phai khoi thuoc thu dong cung co the bi anh huong. Bo thuoc la la mot trong nhung bien phap thiet thuc de giam nguy co dot quy.

7. Uong nhieu ruou bia

Su dung ruou bia qua muc co the lam tang huyet ap, gay roi loan nhip tim, ton thuong gan va anh huong den qua trinh dong mau. Uong nhieu ruou trong thoi gian ngan con co the lam huyet ap tang dot ngot, tang nguy co xuat huyet nao.

Nguoi co benh tang huyet ap, benh tim, roi loan mo mau hoac tien su dot quy nen han che toi da ruou bia va trao doi voi bac si ve muc su dung an toan.

8. Thua can, beo phi va it van dong

Thua can, beo phi thuong lien quan den tang huyet ap, dai thao duong, roi loan mo mau va ngung tho khi ngu. Day deu la nhung yeu to lam tang nguy co dot quy.

Loi song it van dong cung khien co the de tang can, giam suc khoe tim mach va anh huong den chuyen hoa duong, mo. Nguoi truong thanh nen duy tri hoat dong the chat phu hop nhu di bo nhanh, dap xe, boi hoac tap luyen nhe nhang theo tinh trang suc khoe.

9. Che do an uong khong lanh manh

Mot so thoi quen an uong co the lam tang nguy co dot quy neu keo dai:

An qua man.

Thuong xuyen dung do chien ran, thuc an nhanh.

An nhieu mo dong vat va thit che bien san.

An it rau xanh, trai cay va chat xo.

Dung nhieu nuoc ngot co duong.

An qua nhieu thuc pham chua cholesterol.

Uong ruou bia thuong xuyen.

Che do an nhieu muoi co the lam tang huyet ap. Trong khi do, an nhieu chat beo khong lanh manh co the thuc day xo vua dong mach. Nen uu tien rau xanh, trai cay, ca, dau, ngu coc nguyen hat va cac loai thuc pham it che bien.

10. Tuoi tac va tien su gia dinh

Nguy co dot quy thuong tang theo tuoi do mach mau va tim co the bi lao hoa, xo cung hoac suy giam chuc nang. Tuy nhien, nguoi tre van co the bi dot quy neu co di dang mach mau, benh tim, roi loan dong mau, tang huyet ap, hut thuoc hoac su dung chat kich thich.

Nguoi co cha me, anh chi em ruot tung bi dot quy nen chu dong kiem tra cac yeu to nguy co, dac biet la huyet ap, duong huyet, mo mau va suc khoe tim mach.

11. Di dang mach mau nao

Mot so bat thuong mach mau nao co the ton tai tu lau nhung khong gay trieu chung. Khi mach mau bi phinh, yeu hoac di dang, nguy co vo mach va xuat huyet nao co the tang len.

Cac tinh trang can duoc danh gia chuyen sau gom:

Phinh dong mach nao.

Di dang dong tinh mach.

Mot so benh ly thanh mach.

Bat thuong mach mau bam sinh.

Tien su gia dinh co nguoi xuat huyet nao o tuoi tre.

Neu thuong xuyen dau dau du doi bat thuong, co tien su gia dinh hoac tung duoc phat hien bat thuong mach mau, nguoi benh nen duoc bac si chuyen khoa tu van ve viec chup mach mau nao khi can.

12. Roi loan dong mau

Mot so benh ly hoac tinh trang co the khien mau de dong hon binh thuong, tu do lam tang nguy co hinh thanh huyet khoi gay tac mach nao.

Nguyen nhan co the lien quan den:

Benh ly ve mau.

Mot so benh tu mien.

Ung thu.

Dung thuoc noi tiet trong mot so truong hop.

Tinh trang mat nuoc nghiem trong.

Bat dong keo dai.

Mot so roi loan di truyen ve dong mau.

Nguoi co tien su huyet khoi, say thai lien tiep khong ro nguyen nhan, dot quy khi con tre hoac gia dinh co benh ly dong mau nen trao doi voi bac si de duoc danh gia phu hop.

13. Ngung tho khi ngu

Ngung tho khi ngu, dac biet o nguoi thua can hoac beo phi, co the gay thieu oxy lap di lap lai trong dem, lam tang huyet ap va gay roi loan nhip tim. Day la yeu to nguy co thuong bi bo qua.

Mot so dau hieu goi y gom:

Ngay to keo dai.

Co luc ngung tho khi ngu.

Thuc giac vi nghet tho.

Buon ngu ban ngay.

Dau dau khi thuc day.

Kho tap trung, de cau gat.

Nguoi co cac bieu hien nay nen duoc kham de danh gia tinh trang ho hap khi ngu.

14. Cang thang keo dai, mat ngu va lam viec qua suc

Stress, mat ngu va lam viec qua suc khong phai luc nao cung la nguyen nhan truc tiep gay dot quy, nhung co the gop phan lam tang nguy co thong qua viec gay tang huyet ap, roi loan nhip tim, an uong that thuong, hut thuoc hoac su dung ruou bia.

Dac biet, tinh trang thuc khuya keo dai, it van dong, dung nhieu chat kich thich va khong kiem soat huyet ap co the lam suc khoe tim mach suy giam.

15. Su dung chat kich thich

Mot so chat kich thich co the lam huyet ap tang dot ngot, gay co mach hoac roi loan nhip tim. Dieu nay co the dan den dot quy thieu mau nao hoac xuat huyet nao.

Khong nen su dung cac chat kich thich khong ro nguon goc, thuoc giam can khong duoc kiem soat, ma tuy hoac cac san pham co thanh phan gay kich thich than kinh, tim mach.

Vi sao nguoi tre tai Dak Lak van co the bi dot quy?

Nhieu nguoi cho rang dot quy chi xay ra o nguoi cao tuoi. Thuc te, nguoi tre van co the gap tinh trang nay do:

Tang huyet ap nhung khong phat hien.

Hut thuoc la hoac su dung thuoc la dien tu.

Uong nhieu ruou bia.

Thua can, beo phi.

Roi loan mo mau hoac duong huyet.

Di dang mach mau nao.

Benh tim bam sinh hoac rung nhi.

Roi loan dong mau.

Su dung chat kich thich.

Benh tu mien hoac nhiem trung gay ton thuong mach mau.

Dung thuoc noi tiet trong mot so truong hop co nguy co huyet khoi.

Vi vay, khong nen chu quan khi nguoi tre xuat hien cac trieu chung than kinh bat thuong, ngay ca khi truoc do chua tung duoc chan doan benh nen.

Dau hieu nhan biet dot quy can cap cuu ngay

Dot quy thuong xuat hien dot ngot. Co the ghi nho quy tac FAST:

F – Face: Meo mieng, lech mat khi cuoi.

A – Arm: Yeu hoac te mot ben tay, chan; khong the gio deu hai tay.

S – Speech: Noi kho, noi ngong, khong hieu loi hoac khong dien dat duoc.

T – Time: Thoi gian rat quan trong, can goi cap cuu va dua nguoi benh den co so y te co kha nang cap cuu dot quy cang som cang tot.

Ngoai ra, can chu y cac dau hieu:

Dot ngot nhin mo hoac mat thi luc.

Chong mat du doi, mat thang bang.

Dau dau du doi bat thuong.

Kho nuot, sac.

Lu lan hoac mat y thuc.

Co giat.

Yeu liet dot ngot.

Non oi kem dau dau du doi hoac roi loan y thuc.

Can lam gi khi nghi ngo dot quy?

Goi cap cuu hoac dua nguoi benh den benh vien ngay.

Ghi nho thoi diem nguoi benh bat dau xuat hien trieu chung.

Dat nguoi benh nam nghieng neu non hoac giam y thuc.

Noi long quan ao, giu duong tho thong thoang.

Khong cho an, uong hoac tu y dung thuoc.

Khong tu cho uong aspirin, thuoc ha ap hoac thuoc chong dong.

Khong cao gio, cham cuu, xoa bop hay cho trieu chung tu het.

Mang theo danh sach thuoc va ho so benh an neu co.

Khong nen tu lai xe neu nguoi benh dang yeu liet, lu lan hoac roi loan y thuc. Viec dieu tri dot quy phu thuoc vao loai dot quy, thoi diem khoi phat va ket qua chan doan hinh anh.

Chan doan nguyen nhan dot quy bang phuong phap nao?

Khi nhap vien, bac si co the thuc hien:

Kham than kinh va danh gia muc do ton thuong.

Do huyet ap, nhip tim, SpO₂ va duong huyet.

Chup CT nao de phat hien xuat huyet hoac ton thuong cap.

Chup MRI nao trong nhung truong hop phu hop.

Sieu am Doppler dong mach canh.

Dien tim de phat hien roi loan nhip, dac biet la rung nhi.

Sieu am tim khi nghi ngo cuc mau dong tu tim.

Xet nghiem cong thuc mau, dong mau, duong huyet, mo mau, chuc nang gan than.

Chup mach mau nao hoac cac xet nghiem chuyen sau khi can.

Viec xac dinh dung nguyen nhan giup bac si lua chon phuong phap dieu tri va phong ngua tai phat phu hop.

Cach phong ngua dot quy tai Dak Lak

Kiem soat huyet ap

Nen do huyet ap dinh ky, dac biet neu co tien su tang huyet ap, thua can, tieu duong hoac gia dinh co nguoi bi dot quy. Nguoi da duoc ke thuoc can dung deu dan, khong tu y ngung thuoc khi thay huyet ap on dinh.

Kiem tra duong huyet va mo mau

Kham suc khoe dinh ky giup phat hien som dai thao duong, tien dai thao duong va roi loan lipid mau. Dieu tri som co the lam giam ton thuong mach mau lau dai.

Bo thuoc la

Ngung hut thuoc giup giam ton thuong thanh mach va cai thien suc khoe tim phoi. Nguoi than cung nen han che hut thuoc trong nha de tranh khoi thuoc thu dong.

Han che ruou bia

Khong uong ruou bia qua muc, dac biet tranh uong lien tuc hoac uong nhieu trong thoi gian ngan. Nguoi co benh tim mach, tang huyet ap hoac tung bi dot quy nen trao doi voi bac si ve viec han che hoac ngung su dung.

Duy tri van dong

Nen van dong deu dan voi cuong do phu hop. Co the bat dau bang di bo, tap gian co, dap xe nhe hoac cac bai tap tai nha. Nguoi co benh tim, huyet ap hoac khop nen hoi y kien bac si truoc khi tap nang.

An uong khoa hoc

Nen:

Giam muoi.

Tang rau xanh va trai cay.

Uu tien ca, dau, thit nac.

Han che do chien ran, thit che bien san.

Giam nuoc ngot va thuc pham nhieu duong.

Kiem soat khau phan de tranh tang can.

Uong du nuoc, nhat la khi thoi tiet nong hoac van dong nhieu.

Kham suc khoe dinh ky

Nguoi truong thanh nen kiem tra huyet ap, duong huyet, mo mau, can nang va suc khoe tim mach. Nguoi co yeu to nguy co hoac tung bi TIA can duoc bac si xay dung ke hoach phong ngua rieng.

Kham va tu van nguy co dot quy tai Dak Lak

Khi co cac yeu to nguy co nhu tang huyet ap, tieu duong, roi loan mo mau, benh tim, dau dau bat thuong hoac tung co con yeu liet thoang qua, nguoi dan nen chu dong di kham thay vi cho xuat hien bien chung.

Benh vien da khoa Thien Hanh hospital la mot dia chi nguoi dan tai Dak Lak co the tham khao khi can kiem tra suc khoe tong quat, danh gia cac yeu to nguy co tim mach – than kinh hoac tham kham khi xuat hien trieu chung bat thuong. Nguoi benh nen lien he truc tiep voi benh vien de xac nhan chuyen khoa, lich kham, kha nang thuc hien cac xet nghiem chan doan hinh anh va quy trinh tiep nhan cap cuu dot quy tai tung thoi diem.

Trong truong hop co dau hieu dot quy cap tinh, khong nen tri hoan de tim hieu co so phu hop ma can goi cap cuu va den benh vien gan nhat co kha nang tiep nhan cap cuu ngay.

Nhung cau hoi thuong gap

Dot quy co phai luon do tang huyet ap khong?

Khong. Tang huyet ap la yeu to nguy co hang dau, nhung dot quy con co the lien quan den benh tim, rung nhi, xo vua dong mach, roi loan dong mau, di dang mach mau nao, dai thao duong, hut thuoc va nhieu nguyen nhan khac.

Nguoi tre co the bi dot quy khong?

Co. Nguoi tre co the bi dot quy do di dang mach mau, benh tim, roi loan dong mau, tang huyet ap, hut thuoc, su dung chat kich thich hoac cac benh ly chuyen hoa.

Dau dau co phai la dau hieu chac chan cua dot quy?

Khong. Dau dau co nhieu nguyen nhan. Tuy nhien, neu dau dau xuat hien dot ngot, du doi nhat tu truoc den nay, kem non oi, yeu liet, roi loan y thuc, co giat hoac nhin mo, can cap cuu ngay.

Con thieu mau nao thoang qua tu het co can di kham khong?

Co. Du trieu chung tu het, TIA van co the la dau hieu canh bao nguy co dot quy thuc su. Nguoi benh can duoc danh gia som de tim nguyen nhan va phong ngua tai phat.

Co the phong ngua hoan toan dot quy khong?

Khong the loai bo hoan toan nguy co, nhung kiem soat tot huyet ap, duong huyet, mo mau, benh tim, can nang, che do an, van dong va bo thuoc la co the giup giam dang ke nguy co dot quy.

Ket luan

Nguyen nhan bi dot quy tai Dak Lak co the lien quan den nhieu yeu to nhu tang huyet ap, xo vua dong mach, roi loan mo mau, dai thao duong, benh tim, hut thuoc, uong nhieu ruou bia, beo phi, it van dong, di dang mach mau va roi loan dong mau. Nhieu yeu to nguy co dien tien am tham nen viec kham suc khoe dinh ky va kiem soat benh nen la rat can thiet.

Dac biet, khi xuat hien meo mieng, yeu liet mot ben, noi kho, nhin mo, mat thang bang hoac dau dau du doi dot ngot, can coi do la tinh huong cap cuu va dua nguoi benh den benh vien cang som cang tot.