Bach hau la benh truyen nhiem cap tinh do vi khuan Corynebacterium diphtheriae gay ra. Benh chu yeu anh huong den duong ho hap, co the tao ra lop gia mac o hong, amidan, thanh quan hoac mui. Doc to do vi khuan tiet ra con co kha nang gay ton thuong tim, than kinh va nhieu co quan khac.

Tai Dak Lak, bach hau co the xuat hien o nhung khu vuc co ty le tiem chung chua day du, dieu kien sinh hoat dong duc hoac viec tiep xuc gan voi nguoi mac benh. Bach hau co kha nang dien bien nhanh, dac biet o tre em va nguoi chua duoc tiem vac xin day du. Vi vay, nhan biet som trieu chung benh bach hau tai Dak Lak va dua nguoi benh di kham kip thoi la yeu to rat quan trong.

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Benh bach hau la gi?

Bach hau la benh nhiem khuan do vi khuan Corynebacterium diphtheriae gay ra. Vi khuan thuong xam nhap qua duong ho hap khi nguoi lanh hit phai giot ban tu nguoi benh hoac nguoi mang vi khuan.

Ngoai ra, benh co the lay qua:

Tiep xuc gan voi dich tiet mui hong.

Dung chung coc, chen, khan hoac vat dung ca nhan.

Cham vao do vat co dinh dich tiet cua nguoi benh.

Tiep xuc voi ton thuong da nhiem vi khuan.

Sinh hoat trong moi truong dong nguoi, thong khi kem.

Thoi gian u benh thuong keo dai vai ngay. Mot so nguoi co the mang vi khuan nhung trieu chung nhe hoac khong ro rang, van co kha nang lay truyen cho nguoi khac.

Tim hieu them: Benh Vien Da Khoa Thien Hanh tinh Dak Lak

Nguyen nhan va yeu to nguy co mac benh bach hau

Chua tiem hoac tiem vac xin khong day du

Day la yeu to nguy co quan trong. Nguoi chua duoc tiem vac xin phong bach hau hoac khong tiem nhac lai theo lich co nguy co mac benh cao hon.

Tim hieu them: Benh Vien Da Khoa Thien Hanh BMT

Tiep xuc voi nguoi mac bach hau

Bach hau co the lay qua giot ban khi nguoi benh:

Ho.

Hat hoi.

Noi chuyen.

Khac nho.

Tiep xuc truc tiep voi nguoi khac.

Moi truong song dong duc

Nha o chat hep, truong hoc, nha tre, khu tap the hoac noi tap trung dong nguoi co the tao dieu kien cho vi khuan lay lan.

Suc de khang suy giam

Tre nho, nguoi cao tuoi, nguoi mac benh man tinh hoac nguoi co suc de khang yeu co the de bi nhiem va co nguy co dien bien nang hon.

Ve sinh ca nhan va moi truong chua tot

Khong rua tay thuong xuyen, dung chung do ca nhan hoac tiep xuc voi dich tiet cua nguoi benh co the lam tang nguy co lay nhiem.

Trieu chung benh bach hau thuong gap

Trieu chung bach hau co the khac nhau tuy vi tri nhiem khuan, muc do tiet doc to va tinh trang mien dich cua nguoi benh.

1. Sot nhe hoac sot vua

Bach hau thuong khong phai luc nao cung gay sot rat cao. Nguoi benh co the sot nhe hoac sot vua, kem theo:

Met moi.

On lanh.

Dau dau.

Chan an.

Ue oai.

Cam giac kho chiu trong nguoi.

Do sot co the khong qua cao, nhieu nguoi de chu quan va nghi rang minh chi bi viem hong thong thuong.

2. Dau hong

Dau hong la mot trong nhung trieu chung thuong gap. Nguoi benh co the cam thay:

Dau rat hong.

Dau khi nuot.

Nuot vuong.

Kho an uong.

Dau lan len tai.

Cam giac hong bi nghen.

O tre nho, bieu hien co the la bo an, bo bu, quay khoc hoac khong muon nuot thuc an.

3. Xuat hien gia mac mau trang xam o hong

Dau hieu dac trung cua bach hau la su hinh thanh lop gia mac mau trang xam hoac xam ban o:

Amidan.

Thanh sau hong.

Thanh quan.

Mui.

Vom hong.

Gia mac thuong dai, bam chac vao niem mac va co the chay mau neu co boc hoac cao. Vi vay, nguoi benh va gia dinh khong duoc tu dung tay, que hoac dung cu de boc gia mac.

Gia mac trong bach hau co the lan rong, gay hep duong tho va lam nguoi benh kho tho. Day la ly do bach hau can duoc xu tri y te som.

4. Sung hach vung co

Nguoi mac bach hau co the bi sung hach o vung co, duoi ham hoac hai ben co. Khi benh tien trien, vung co co the sung ne ro, tao hinh anh thuong duoc goi la “co bo”.

Tinh trang sung co co the di kem:

Dau khi nuot.

Kho ha mieng.

Co cang tuc.

Kho quay dau.

Kho tho neu phu ne lan rong.

5. Kho tho, tho kho khe

Khi gia mac lan xuong thanh quan hoac khi quan, nguoi benh co the xuat hien:

Kho tho.

Tho rit.

Tho kho khe.

Khan tieng.

Ho ong ong.

Cam giac nghen o co.

Tho nhanh hoac co keo co ho hap.

Day la dau hieu nguy hiem. Neu nguoi benh kho tho, tim moi, tho rit hoac khong noi duoc thanh cau, can goi cap cuu hoac dua den benh vien ngay.

6. Khan tieng, mat tieng

Bach hau thanh quan co the gay viem, phu ne va hinh thanh gia mac tai thanh quan. Nguoi benh co the:

Khan tieng.

Noi kho.

Mat tieng.

Ho khan.

Ho ong ong.

Dau khi noi.

Kho tho tang ve dem.

O tre em, bach hau thanh quan co the dien bien nhanh va gay tac nghen duong tho.

7. Chay nuoc mui hoac bach hau mui

Neu vi khuan gay ton thuong o mui, nguoi benh co the gap:

Chay nuoc mui keo dai.

Dich mui co mui hoi.

Dich mui lan mau.

Nghet mui.

Dau rat trong mui.

Loet hoac gia mac o niem mac mui.

Bach hau mui doi khi co trieu chung nhe nen de bi bo sot. Tuy nhien, nguoi benh van co the lay vi khuan cho nguoi khac.

8. Hoi tho hoi

Gia mac, ton thuong niem mac va tinh trang nhiem khuan co the gay mui hoi trong mieng. Hoi tho hoi di kem dau hong, sot, sung co hoac gia mac can duoc kiem tra y te.

9. Met moi, da tai va suy nhuoc

Khi benh tien trien, nguoi benh co the met nhieu, an uong kem, da tai hoac giam kha nang van dong. Tre nho co the tro nen lu du, bu kem hoac ngu nhieu bat thuong.

Trieu chung bach hau o tre em

Tre em, dac biet la tre chua tiem du vac xin, co the dien bien nang hon. Cha me nen chu y cac dau hieu:

Sot nhe hoac sot vua.

Dau hong, kho nuot.

Bo an, bo bu.

Quay khoc.

Khan tieng hoac ho ong ong.

Kho tho, tho rit.

Gia mac trang xam o hong hoac mui.

Hach co sung.

Co sung ne.

Met la hoac li bi.

Da tai, moi tim.

Tieu it hoac dau hieu mat nuoc.

Neu tre co kho tho, tho rit, tim tai hoac khong the nuot nuoc bot, can dua tre den benh vien ngay. Khong nen tu dieu tri bang thuoc khang sinh hoac co gang boc gia mac tai nha.

Bach hau ngoai da co trieu chung gi?

Ngoai bach hau duong ho hap, vi khuan con co the gay bach hau da. Dang benh nay thuong xuat hien tai vung da co vet thuong hoac ton thuong tu truoc.

Bieu hien co the gom:

Vet loet tren da.

Vet loet lau lanh.

Dau hoac rat tai vung ton thuong.

Dich tiet tu vet loet.

Gia mac bam tren be mat vet thuong.

Da xung quanh do hoac sung.

Co the kem sot hoac met moi.

Bach hau da cung co kha nang lay truyen va can duoc bac si danh gia, lay mau xet nghiem khi can.

Bien chung nguy hiem cua benh bach hau

Bach hau nguy hiem chu yeu do doc to cua vi khuan gay ton thuong cac co quan. Mot so bien chung co the xay ra gom:

Viem co tim

Doc to bach hau co the gay ton thuong co tim, dan den:

Dau tuc nguc.

Hoi hop.

Tim dap nhanh hoac khong deu.

Kho tho.

Met khi van dong.

Huyet ap tut.

Suy tim.

Roi loan nhip tim.

Viem co tim co the xuat hien trong hoac sau giai doan nhiem khuan ho hap.

Ton thuong than kinh

Nguoi benh co the gap:

Kho nuot.

Noi giong mui.

Sac khi an uong.

Yeu co.

Nhin doi.

Sup mi.

Liet man hau.

Yeu tay chan.

Liet co ho hap trong truong hop nang.

Tac nghen duong tho

Gia mac va phu ne vung hong, thanh quan co the lam hep duong tho. Day la bien chung cap cuu, dac biet o tre em.

Viem phoi hoac suy ho hap

Bach hau co the gay ton thuong duong ho hap truc tiep hoac dan den viem phoi thu phat. Nguoi benh co the kho tho, tho nhanh, dau nguc hoac giam oxy mau.

Suy than va ton thuong cac co quan khac

Trong truong hop nang, doc to va tinh trang nhiem trung co the anh huong den than, tuan hoan va nhieu co quan khac.

Khi nao can dua nguoi benh di cap cuu?

Can dua nguoi benh den benh vien ngay khi co mot trong cac dau hieu:

Kho tho hoac tho rit.

Tim moi, tim dau ngon tay.

Khan tieng tang nhanh hoac mat tieng.

Khong nuot duoc nuoc bot.

Chay dai nhieu.

Gia mac lan rong o hong.

Co sung ne ro.

Lu du, li bi.

Dau nguc hoac hoi hop bat thuong.

Tim dap nhanh, khong deu.

Ngat xiu.

Yeu co, kho nuot hoac nhin doi.

Tre bo bu, tho nhanh hoac co keo long nguc.

Khong nen cho den khi nguoi benh kho tho nang moi di kham. Neu nghi ngo bach hau, can han che tiep xuc voi nguoi khac va thong bao cho co so y te de duoc huong dan.

Chan doan benh bach hau bang cach nao?

Kham lam sang

Bac si se kiem tra:

Tinh trang sot va dau hong.

Gia mac o hong, amidan hoac mui.

Muc do sung hach co.

Kha nang nuot va ho hap.

Dau hieu ton thuong tim hoac than kinh.

Tien su tiem chung.

Kha nang tiep xuc voi nguoi mac benh.

Lay mau xet nghiem

Bac si co the lay mau dich hong, mui hoac ton thuong da de nuoi cay va xac dinh vi khuan. Viec lay mau can duoc thuc hien dung ky thuat.

Tuy nhien, neu bieu hien lam sang rat nghi ngo, viec dieu tri khong nen tri hoan chi de cho ket qua xet nghiem, vi bach hau co the tien trien nhanh.

Kiem tra bien chung

Tuy tinh trang, nguoi benh co the duoc chi dinh:

Cong thuc mau.

Xet nghiem chuc nang gan, than.

Dien tam do.

Sieu am tim.

Do nong do oxy mau.

X-quang nguc.

Cac xet nghiem hoac phuong tien chan doan khac khi can.

Dieu tri benh bach hau

Bach hau can duoc dieu tri tai co so y te. Cac phuong phap dieu tri co the bao gom:

Su dung huyet thanh khang doc to

Huyet thanh khang doc to bach hau co vai tro trung hoa doc to chua gan vao mo. Viec su dung can duoc bac si chi dinh cang som cang tot khi nghi ngo benh.

Dung khang sinh

Khang sinh duoc su dung de tieu diet vi khuan, giam kha nang lay truyen va han che san sinh doc to. Nguoi benh can dung dung loai, du thoi gian theo huong dan.

Khong nen tu mua khang sinh vi viec lua chon thuoc va thoi gian dieu tri phu thuoc vao tinh trang cu the.

Cach ly va theo doi

Nguoi mac bach hau can duoc cach ly theo huong dan y te. Nhung nguoi tiep xuc gan co the duoc danh gia, lay mau xet nghiem, dung thuoc du phong hoac tiem bo sung vac xin tuy tinh trang.

Ho tro ho hap va dieu tri bien chung

Neu co kho tho hoac tac nghen duong tho, nguoi benh co the can ho tro ho hap. Truong hop co viem co tim, roi loan nhip tim hoac ton thuong than kinh can duoc theo doi va dieu tri chuyen khoa.

Nguoi tiep xuc voi benh nhan bach hau can lam gi?

Nguoi tung tiep xuc gan voi benh nhan can:

Thong bao voi co so y te.

Theo doi cac trieu chung nhu dau hong, sot, ho, khan tieng.

Khong tu y di lam, di hoc hoac tiep xuc dong nguoi neu co trieu chung nghi ngo.

Thuc hien xet nghiem hoac dung thuoc du phong theo huong dan.

Kiem tra lai lich tiem vac xin.

Khong dung chung do ca nhan voi nguoi benh.

Deo khau trang va ve sinh tay thuong xuyen.

Nguoi tiep xuc gan co the can duoc theo doi trong mot khoang thoi gian nhat dinh, tuy huong dan cua co quan y te.

Phong ngua benh bach hau tai Dak Lak

Tiem vac xin day du

Tiem vac xin la bien phap phong bach hau hieu qua nhat. Tre em can duoc tiem chung theo lich cua chuong trinh tiem chung va tiem nhac lai khi co chi dinh.

Nguoi lon, nguoi lam viec trong moi truong nguy co hoac nguoi co lich tiem chua day du nen hoi co so y te ve nhu cau tiem bo sung va tiem nhac.

Giu ve sinh ca nhan

Rua tay bang xa phong.

Che mieng khi ho, hat hoi.

Khong khac nho bua bai.

Khong dung chung coc, khan, ban chai hoac dung cu an uong.

Han che cham tay len mat, mui, mieng.

Ve sinh cac be mat thuong xuyen tiep xuc.

Tang thong khi noi o

Mo cua thong thoang, ve sinh nha cua, han che tap trung dong nguoi trong khong gian kin va giu khoang cach voi nguoi co trieu chung ho hap.

Phat hien va dieu tri som

Nguoi co dau hong keo dai, sot, gia mac o hong, khan tieng hoac sung co can di kham som. Khong tu boc gia mac va khong tu dieu tri tai nha.

Chu dong khai bao khi nghi ngo

Neu co tiep xuc voi nguoi mac bach hau hoac song trong khu vuc dang co ca benh, nguoi dan nen thong bao cho co so y te de duoc huong dan theo doi va phong ngua.

Kham benh bach hau tai Dak Lak

Khi xuat hien trieu chung nghi ngo bach hau, nguoi dan tai Dak Lak nen den benh vien co kha nang tiep nhan benh truyen nhiem, thuc hien xet nghiem va xu tri cap cuu ho hap.

Benh vien da khoa Thien Hanh hospital la mot dia chi nguoi dan co the tham khao khi co cac trieu chung nhu sot, dau hong, kho nuot, khan tieng, sung hach co hoac nghi ngo mac benh truyen nhiem. Tuy tinh trang, bac si co the tham kham, danh gia duong tho, chi dinh xet nghiem va chuyen tuyen hoac phoi hop chuyen khoa khi can.

Truoc khi den kham, nguoi benh nen:

Deo khau trang.

Han che tiep xuc gan voi nguoi khac.

Thong bao truoc neu nghi ngo mac benh truyen nhiem.

Mang theo thong tin tiem chung neu co.

Ghi lai thoi diem bat dau sot, dau hong hoac kho tho.

Khong tu boc gia mac o hong.

Khong tu dung khang sinh hoac thuoc dieu tri khong ro nguon goc.

Nguoi benh nen lien he truc tiep voi Benh vien da khoa Thien Hanh hospital de xac nhan khoa tiep nhan, lich kham, kha nang xet nghiem va quy trinh xu tri truoc khi den. Neu co dau hieu kho tho, tim tai hoac roi loan y thuc, can uu tien goi cap cuu.

Cau hoi thuong gap ve benh bach hau

Bach hau co phai chi xay ra o tre em khong?

Khong. Nguoi lon chua co mien dich day du cung co the mac bach hau, dac biet khi tiep xuc voi nguon lay hoac song trong moi truong dong nguoi.

Bach hau co luon gay sot cao khong?

Khong. Benh co the chi gay sot nhe hoac sot vua, nhung van co nguy co tao gia mac va gay bien chung nghiem trong.

Co nen tu boc lop gia mac o hong khong?

Khong. Gia mac thuong bam chac, viec co boc co the gay chay mau, lam ton thuong niem mac va khien tinh trang nang hon.

Da tiem vac xin co chac chan khong mac bach hau khong?

Vac xin giup giam dang ke nguy co mac benh va bien chung, nhung khong bao dam tuyet doi. Nguoi da tiem van can di kham khi co trieu chung nghi ngo.

Bach hau co dieu tri khoi duoc khong?

Benh co the duoc dieu tri hieu qua neu phat hien som va dung huyet thanh khang doc to, khang sinh cung cac bien phap ho tro phu hop. Dieu tri muon lam tang nguy co ton thuong tim, than kinh va duong tho.

Ket luan

Trieu chung benh bach hau tai Dak Lak co the bat dau bang sot nhe, dau hong, met moi, kho nuot, khan tieng, sung hach co hoac xuat hien gia mac trang xam o hong va mui. Khi benh tien trien, nguoi benh co the kho tho, tho rit, co sung ne, dau nguc, roi loan nhip tim hoac yeu co.

Bach hau la benh co kha nang gay bien chung nghiem trong nhung co the phong ngua bang tiem vac xin day du, giu ve sinh va phat hien som. Khi nghi ngo mac benh, nguoi dan khong nen tu boc gia mac hoac tu dieu tri tai nha ma can den co so y te kip thoi. Nguoi dan co the tham khao Benh vien da khoa Thien Hanh hospital de duoc tham kham va huong dan xu tri phu hop.